1. Least Effective Exercises Slideshow
2. Dehydration Slideshow
3. First Aid Care and Pain Relief for Minor Injuries

Medical Author:

John P. Cunha, DO, FACOEP

John P. Cunha, DO, FACOEP

John P. Cunha, DO, is a U.S. board-certified Emergency Medicine Physician. Dr. Cunha's educational background includes a BS in Biology from Rutgers, the State University of New Jersey, and a DO from the Kansas City University of Medicine and Biosciences in Kansas City, MO. He completed residency training in Emergency Medicine at Newark Beth Israel Medical Center in Newark, New Jersey.

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Medical Editor:

Melissa Conrad Stöppler, MD, Chief Medical Editor

Melissa Conrad Stöppler, MD, Chief Medical Editor

Melissa Conrad Stöppler, MD, is a U.S. board-certified Anatomic Pathologist with subspecialty training in the fields of Experimental and Molecular Pathology. Dr. Stöppler's educational background includes a BA with Highest Distinction from the University of Virginia and an MD from the University of North Carolina. She completed residency training in Anatomic Pathology at Georgetown University followed by subspecialty fellowship training in molecular diagnostics and experimental pathology.

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Care at home can help reduce pain and aid healing. Because most of the pain is caused by inflammation, the goal is to reduce and prevent inflammation.

Remember RICE: rest, ice, compression, and elevation.

• Rest prevents further injury and avoids stress on already inflamed tissue.



• Put the ankle joint at rest by wearing a brace or splint.



• More severe sprains may be treated with use of crutches.



• Ice is the best treatment.



• Applying ice to the injury will help decrease pain.



• Ice counteracts the increased blood flow to the injured area.



• It reduces swelling, redness, and warmth.



• Applied soon after the injury, ice prevents much of the inflammation from developing.



• Do not apply ice directly to the skin. Use a towel between the ice and the injury, or use an ice bag. Apply ice for 20 minutes at a time, with at least 30 minutes between applications. This is to prevent frostbite, which can occur if you use ice too much or use it directly on your skin.



• Compression (sometimes called "strapping") provides support and helps prevent inflammation.



• Elastic wraps such as Ace bandages immobilize the ankle.



• Do not apply wraps too tightly.



• Elevation (keeping the injured area up as high as possible) will help the body absorb fluid that has leaked into the tissue.



• Ideally, prop the ankle up so that it is above the level of the heart.



• Sit in a reclining chair or prop your legs up with pillows.



• Anti-inflammatory pain medications such as ibuprofen (Motrin and Advil) and naproxen (Aleve or Naprosyn) will reduce the pain and combat swelling.

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