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Medical Author:

Wilfred CG Peh, MD, MBBS, FRCP(Edin), FRCP(Glasg), FRCR, MHSM

Medical Editor:

Melissa Conrad Stöppler, MD, Chief Medical Editor

Melissa Conrad Stöppler, MD, Chief Medical Editor

Melissa Conrad Stöppler, MD, is a U.S. board-certified Anatomic Pathologist with subspecialty training in the fields of Experimental and Molecular Pathology. Dr. Stöppler's educational background includes a BA with Highest Distinction from the University of Virginia and an MD from the University of North Carolina. She completed residency training in Anatomic Pathology at Georgetown University followed by subspecialty fellowship training in molecular diagnostics and experimental pathology.

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Synonyms and Keywords

ankylosing spondylitis, rheumatoid spondylitis, spondylitis, spondyloarthropathy arthritis, back pain, back stiffness, bamboo spine, chronic synovitis, diskovertebral disease, enthesopathy, joint disease, joint inflammation, joint stiffness, ligament ossification, paraspinal disorder, rheumatic diseases, sacroiliac joint, sacroiliitis, seronegative arthropathy, spinal ankylosis, spinal fusion, spine disease, spine inflammation, spinal pseudoarthrosis, spondyloarthropathy, spondylodiscitis, syndesmophyte, vertebral disease, vertebral inflammation