What Increases Your Risk

The major risk factor for atopic dermatitis is having a family history of the condition. You are also at risk if family members have asthma, allergic rhinitis, or other allergies.

An infant who has a parent or sibling with atopic dermatitis, asthma, or allergic rhinitis has a 60% to 80% chance of developing atopic dermatitis.³ This means that out of 100 infants who have a parent or sibling with one of these other health conditions, 60 to 80 of them are likely to get atopic dermatitis, while 20 to 40 of them are not.

When To Call a Doctor

Call your doctor if you or your child has atopic dermatitis and:

• Itching makes you or your child irritable.
• Itching is interfering with daily activities or with sleep.
• There are crusting or oozing sores, severe scratch marks, widespread rash, severe discoloration of the skin, or a fever that is accompanied by a rash.
• Painful cracks form on the hands or fingers.
• Atopic dermatitis on the hands interferes with daily school, work, or home activities.
• Signs of bacterial infection develop. These include:
  • Increased pain, swelling, redness, tenderness, or heat.
  • Red streaks extending from the area.
  • A discharge of pus.
  • A fever of 100.4°F (38°C) or higher with no other cause.

Watchful waiting

Watchful waiting is a period of time during which you and your doctor observe your symptoms or condition without using medical treatment.

• For minor rashes, watchful waiting and home treatment are often sufficient. If home treatment clears up the rash, mention it to your doctor at your next visit.
• If home treatment doesn't clear up the rash, see your doctor. He or she can suggest other treatments or prescribe a stronger medicine.

Who to see

For the diagnosis and treatment of atopic dermatitis, consult with a:

• Family medicine doctor.
• Nurse practitioner.
• Physician assistant.
• Pediatrician.
• Dermatologist.

If food or other allergies are suspected to be a factor in atopic dermatitis, you can see an allergist (immunologist) for specialized evaluation. For more information, see the topic Food Allergies.

To prepare for your appointment, see the topic Making the Most of Your Appointment.