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May 24, 2013
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Broken Collarbone
(Broken Clavicle)

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Broken Collarbone (Clavicle) Overview

The clavicle (commonly referred to as the collarbone) is a bone in humans found on both sides of the chest. These two bones and their attached ligaments connect the sternum or breastbone to both shoulders (from the manubrium of the sternum to the acromion of the scapula).

Doctors use the terms fracture and broken bone to mean the same thing. Even if doctors use different terms to describe this condition, if a person is told they have a fracture, it means they have a broken bone. Sometimes injuries to the collarbone's ligaments mimic the area of pain produced when a collarbone is fractured. The ligaments are important components that allow the clavicles to move, but only so far. They help provide limits to the angles to which the shoulder and sternum can move. Diagnosis and treatments of ligament injuries of the clavicle are similar to those done for clavicle fractures (see reference 2).

Broken Collarbone Causes

The most common cause of clavicle fractures is some kind of trauma. For example, trauma to the clavicle can involve falling down from a bike or horse, being hit on the shoulder, or being in an automobile accident where the upper body is thrown against an object.

Some people can break their clavicle without any trauma. These people usually have weak bone structure either from a genetic cause (they were born with it) or from an acquired cause (such as osteoporosis or cancer).

Newborns

  • Occasionally during delivery of an otherwise healthy baby, the forces involved in trying to deliver the baby from the mother can break the collarbone. This is the most common bone broken during delivery. This is usually detected in the hospital, and the baby recovers well.
  • Even more rarely, a physician may have to break the infant's collarbone in order to deliver the baby safely. This only occurs when a process known as shoulder dystocia develops. There are many other techniques available to overcome this, so it is rarely practiced today.

Children and adolescents

  • The collarbone is the most commonly broken bone in childhood. These breaks are usually the result of falling directly on the shoulder or on an outstretched arm during play or sports. They can occasionally be the result of a direct blow to the collarbone, such as during tackling in football (without pads), or being crosschecked during hockey or lacrosse.

Adults and the elderly

  • Broken collarbones in adults can occur from the same sports activities that cause similar injuries in children but are usually associated with automobile accidents and falls. Occasionally, a patient that has a seizure will fracture the clavicle.

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Broken Collarbone - Treatment

The eMedicineHealth physician editors ask:

What was the treatment for your broken collarbone?

Broken Collarbone - Recovery Time

The eMedicineHealth physician editors ask:

How long did it take for your broken collarbone to heal?

Broken Collarbone Treatment and Recovery Time

Many broken collarbones heal on their own. If you don't need surgery, you will use a sling to keep your arm and shoulder from moving while the bone heals. An adult wears a sling for a few days or up to a week. A child may need one for 3 to 4 weeks.

You can begin simple exercises immediately and move on to strengthening exercises when they don't cause pain. Ask your doctor when it is safe to begin to exercise. If you start too soon, the broken collarbone may not heal well. If you are active, do not play sports or other activities until you can move your shoulder easily and it feels strong.

To help relieve pain, try acetaminophen or a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug, such as ibuprofen or naproxen.

Surgery may be recommended for severe breaks. When the ends of the broken bone do not line up with each other (displaced), surgery is more likely. Many experts believe surgery is especially important in young, active people.

After surgery, you will use a sling for up to 6 weeks. Your doctor or physical therapist will teach you gentle exercises to keep your shoulder moving for about 6 weeks, until you can start exercises to get your strength back. Most people have returned to all their activities by 3 months after surgery.

SOURCE:
Healthwise

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Read What Your Physician is Reading on Medscape

Fracture, Clavicle »

Clavicular fractures are common injuries that account for approximately 5% of all fractures seen in the ED.

Read More on Medscape Reference »


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