Cancer of the Mouth and Throat (cont.)

Medical Author:

Prajoy Kadkade, MD

Coauthor:

Kathryn L Hale, MS, PA-C

Medical Editor:

William M Lydiatt, MD

Medical Editor:

Francisco Talavera, PharmD, PhD

Medical Editor:

Rick Kulkarni, MD

Mouth and Throat Cancer Treatment

After you have been evaluated by a surgical or radiation oncologist to treat your cancer, you will have ample opportunity to ask questions and discuss which treatments are available to you.

• Your doctor will present each type of treatment, give you the pros and cons, and make recommendations.
  
  
• Treatment for head and neck cancer depends on the type of cancer and whether it has affected other parts of the body. Factors such as your age, your overall health, and whether you have already been treated for the cancer before are included in the treatment decision-making process.
  
  
• The decision of which treatment to pursue is made with your doctor (with input from other members of your care team) and your family members, but ultimately, the decision is yours.
  
  
• Be certain you understand exactly what will be done and why, and what you can expect from your choices. With oral cancers, it is especially important to understand the side effects of treatment.

Like many cancers, head and neck cancer is treated on the basis of cancer stage. The most widely used therapies are surgery and radiation therapy. Chemotherapy is used in some advanced cases. Your treatment plan will be individualized for your specific situation.

• Your medical team may include an ear, nose, and throat surgeon; an oral surgeon; a plastic surgeon; and a specialist in prosthetics of the mouth and jaw (prosthodontist), as well as a specialist in radiation therapy (radiation oncologist) and medical oncology.
  
  
• Because cancer treatment can make your mouth sensitive and more likely to be infected, your doctor will probably advise you to have any needed dental work done before your treatment.
  
  
• Your team will also include a dietitian to ensure that you get adequate nutrition during and after your therapy.
  
  
• A speech therapist may be needed to help you recover your speech or swallowing abilities after treatment.
  
  
• A physical therapist may be needed to help you recover function compromised by loss of muscle or nerve activity from the surgery.
  
  
• A social worker, counselor, or member of the clergy will be available to help you and your family cope with the emotional, social, and financial toll of your treatment.