Depression Signs and Symptoms

Clinical depression is not something you feel for a day or two before feeling better. In true depression, the symptoms last weeks, months, or sometimes years if you don't seek treatment. If you are depressed, you are often unable to perform daily activities. You may not care enough to get out of bed or get dressed, much less work, do errands, or socialize.

• Adults: You may be said to be suffering from a major depressive episode if you have a depressed mood for at least two weeks and have at least five of the following symptoms:



• feeling sad or blue,



• crying spells,



• loss of interest or pleasure in usual activities,



• significant increase or decrease in appetite,



• significant weight loss or weight gain,



• inability to sleep or excessive sleeping,



• agitation or irritability,



• fatigue or loss of energy,
  
  
• feelings of worthlessness or excessive guilt, and



• thoughts of death or suicide.

For people who tend to suffer from an increase in appetite, tiredness, and the tendency to sleep (atypical depression), carbohydrate craving, sometimes specifically for chocolate, may occur. That has been found to sometimes be an indication that the person tends to suffer from irritability and anxiety in addition to depression.

• Children: Children with depression may also experience the classic symptoms but may exhibit other symptoms as well, including the following:



• poor school performance;
  
  
• persistent boredom;



• frequent complaints of physical problems such as headaches and stomachaches;
  
  
• some of the classic adult symptoms of depression may also be more obvious in children, such as changes in eating or sleeping patterns (Has the child lost or gained weight in recent weeks or months? Does he or she seem more tired than usual?); and



• teenagers may show depression by taking more risks and/or showing less concern for their own safety. Examples of risk-taking behaviors include driving recklessly/at excessive speed, becoming intoxicated with alcohol or other drugs, especially in situations where they drive or may be in the presence of others who engage in risky behaviors; engaging in promiscuous or unprotected sex.

• Parents of children with depression report noticing the following behavior changes. If you notice any of these, discuss this with your health-care provider.



• The child cries more often or more easily.
  
  
• The child's eating habits, sleeping habits, or weight change significantly.



• The child has unexplained physical complaints (for example, headaches or abdominal pain).



• The child spends more time alone, away from friends and family.



• The child actually becomes more "clingy" and may become more dependent on certain relationships. This is less common than social withdrawal, though.



• The child seems to be overly pessimistic or exhibits excessive guilt or feelings of worthlessness.



• The child expresses thoughts about hurting him or herself, or exhibits reckless or other harmful behavior.

• Elderly: While any of the classic symptoms of depression may occur in elderly people, other symptoms also may be noted:



• diminished ability to think or concentrate,



• unexplained physical complaints (for example, abdominal pain, changes in bowel habits, or muscle aches), and



• memory impairment (in about 10% with severe depression).

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