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Diarrhea (cont.)

Adults

Adults should drink plenty of fluids to avoid dehydration.

Replenishing water loss (due to diarrhea) is important. Avoid milk as it can make diarrhea worse. However, sports beverages (such as Gatorade) can be beneficial because they replenish electrolytes in addition to providing hydration.
If the patient is able to eat, avoid greasy or fatty foods. Infants and children should be encouraged to follow the "BRAT" diet (bananas, rice, applesauce, and toast). The BRAT diet is a combination of foods used for decades to treat diarrhea. If diarrhea is accompanied by nausea, have the person suck on ice chips until the nausea stops. After the diarrhea subsides, avoid alcoholic beverages and spicy foods for two additional days.
Individuals should continue usual activities if he or she is mildly ill with diarrhea; however, avoid strenuous exercise until they feel better because exercise increases the risk of dehydration.

Children

Dehydration in children of great concern.

Infants pose special problems because of their increased risk of dehydration. They should be offered a bottle frequently. Solutions such as Pedialyte may be more appealing than water. These fluids also contain necessary salts lost with diarrhea. Never use salt tablets as they may worsen diarrhea.
Children with frequent stools, fever, or vomiting should stay at home and avoid school and day-care until these symptoms go away. This allows the child to rest and recover and prevents other children from being exposed to the viruses or bacteria.