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May 20, 2013


Diet and Nutrition in Crohn's Disease Glossary of Terms

The following are health and medical definitions of terms that appear in the Diet and Nutrition in Crohn's Disease article.

Abdominal: Relating to the abdomen, the belly, that part of the body that contains all of ...

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Abdominal pain: Pain in the belly. Abdominal pain can be acute or chronic. It may reflect ...

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Absorb: 1. To take something in, as through the skin or the intestine.
2....

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Absorption: Uptake. For example, intestinal absorption is the uptake of food (or other sub...

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Anatomy: The study of human or animal form, by observation or examination of the living be...

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Autoimmune: Pertaining to autoimmunity, a misdirected immune response that occurs when the...

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Autoimmune disease: An illness that occurs when the body tissues are attacked by its own i...

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Autoimmunity: A misdirected immune response that occurs when the immune system goes awry a...

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Blood pressure: The blood pressure is the pressure of the blood within the arteries. It is...

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Bowel: The small and large intestine.

Calcium: A mineral found mainly in the hard part of bones, where it is stored. Calcium is ...

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Calorie: A unit of food energy. The word calorie is ordinarily used instead of the more pr...

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Chronic: In medicine, lasting a long time. A chronic condition is one that lasts 3 months ...

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Chronic disease: A disease that persists for a long time. A chronic disease is one lasting...

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Colectomy: An operation to remove all or part of the colon (large intestine). In a partial...

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Colitis: Inflammation of the large intestine (the colon). There are many forms of coliti...

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Colon: The long, coiled, tubelike organ that removes water from digested food. The remaini...

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Colonoscopy: A procedure whereby a physician inserts a viewing tube (colonoscope) into the...

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Colostomy: An artificial exit from the colon created to divert waste through a hole in the...

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Crohn's disease: A chronic inflammatory disease, primarily involving the small and large ...

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Dehydration: Excessive loss of body water. Diseases of the gastrointestinal tract that ca...

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Diabetes: Refers to diabetes mellitus or, less often, to diabetes insipidus. Diabetes mell...

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Diarrhea: A common condition that involves unusually frequent and liquid bowel movements. ...

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Digestive system: The system of organs responsible for getting food into and out of the bo...

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Endoscopy: Examination of the inside of the body by using a lighted, flexible instrument c...

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Essential: In medicine, of unknown cause, as in essential hypertension (high blood pressur...

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Fats: Plural of the word "fat". See the definition of fat.

Feces: The excrement discharged from the 'intestines.

Flare: 1. an exacerbation of a chronic disease. Sometimes referred to as a flare-up, a fla...

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Gastroenteritis: Inflammation of the stomach and the intestines. Gastroenteritis can cause...

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Gastroenterology: The medical specialty devoted to the study, diagnosis and treatment of d...

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Granulomatous colitis: Crohn's disease of the colon (the large intestine).

Heart: The muscle that pumps blood received from veins into arteries throughout the body. ...

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Heart disease: Any disorder that affects the heart. Sometimes the term "heart disease" is ...

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Hepatology: The field of liver disease. The liver is the body's largest organ and hepatolo...

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High blood pressure: A repeatedly elevated blood pressure exceeding 140 over 90 mmHg. Chro...

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Hormone: A chemical substance produced in the body that controls and regulates the activit...

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Ileostomy: An opening into the ileum, part of the small intestine, from the outside of the...

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Immune: Protected against infection, usually by the presence of antibodies.

Immune system: A complex system that is responsible for distinguishing a person from every...

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Inflammation: A localized reaction that produces redness, warmth, swelling, and pain as a ...

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Inflammatory bowel disease: A group of chronic intestinal diseases characterized by infla...

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Internal medicine: The medical specialty dedicated to the diagnosis and medical treatment ...

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Intestine: The long, tubelike organ in the abdomen that completes the process of digestion...

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Intravenous feeding: Feeding through a vein. Also called parenteral alimentation or parent...

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Iron: An essential mineral. Iron is necessary for the transport of oxygen (via hemoglobin ...

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Kidney: One of a pair of organs located in the right and left side of the abdomen. The kid...

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Large intestine: Comes after the small intestine. Large because it is wider than the smal...

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Magnesium: A mineral involved in many processes in the body including nerve signaling, the...

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Malabsorption: Poor intestinal absorption of nutrients. Malabsorption can occur from disea...

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Nasogastric: Referring to the passage from the nose to the stomach. Abbreviated NG.

Nasogastric tube: A tube that is passed through the nose and down through the nasopharynx ...

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NG tube: See: Nasogastric tube.

Nutrition: 1) The science or practice of taking in and utilizing foods. 2) A nourishing ...

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Ostomy: An operation to create an opening from an area inside the body to the outside.

PA-C: Physician Assistant - Certified.

Pain: An unpleasant sensation that can range from mild, localized discomfort to agony. Pa...

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Parenteral: Not delivered via the intestinal tract. For example, parenteral nutrition is f...

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Parenteral nutrition: Intravenous feeding. Also known as parenteral alimentation.

Pediatric: Pertaining to children.

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Pharmacy: A location where prescription medications are sold. A pharmacy is constantly sup...

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Potassium: The major positive ion (cation) found inside cells. The chemical notation for p...

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Proteins: Large molecules composed of one or more chains of amino acids in a specific orde...

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Puberty: Adolescence, the period in which the human body first becomes capable of reproduc...

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Regional enteritis: Crohn's disease, a chronic inflammatory disease of the intestine prima...

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Sleep: The body's rest cycle.

Small intestine: The part of the digestive tract that extends from the stomach to the larg...

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Stoma: An opening into the body from the outside that is created by a surgeon.

Stomach: The digestive organ that is located in the upper abdomen, under the ribs. The upp...

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Stool: The solid matter that is discharged in a bowel movement.

Strain: 1. An injury to a tendon or muscle resulting from overuse or trauma. 2. A heredita...

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Stress: In a medical or biological context stress is a physical, mental, or emotional fact...

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Surgery: The branch of medicine that employs operations in the treatment of disease or inj...

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Syndrome: A combination of symptoms and signs that together represent a disease process.

Taste: A perception that results from stimulation of a gustatory nerve. Taste belongs to t...

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Terminal ileitis: Crohn's disease, a chronic inflammatory disease of the intestine involvi...

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Tired: A feeling of a lessened capacity for work and reduced efficiency of accomplishment,...

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Total parenteral nutrition: Intravenous feeding that provides patients with all the fluid ...

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Ulcer: A lesion that is eroding away the skin or mucous membrane. Ulcers can have various ...

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Ulcerative colitis: A bowel disease that is characterized by inflammation with ulcer forma...

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Vein: A blood vessel that carries blood that is low in oxygen content from the body back t...

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Vitamins: The word "vitamin" was coined in 1911 by the Warsaw-born biochemist Casimir Funk...

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Yogurt: A common dish made of milk curdled and fermented with a culture of Lactobacillus (...

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