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Medical Author:

Neelkamal S Soares, MD, MBBS, FAAP

Medical Editor:

Elizabeth A Finley-Belgrad, MD

Medical Editor:

Mary L Windle, PharmD

Medical Editor:

Melissa Conrad Stöppler, MD, Chief Medical Editor

Melissa Conrad Stöppler, MD, Chief Medical Editor

Melissa Conrad Stöppler, MD, is a U.S. board-certified Anatomic Pathologist with subspecialty training in the fields of Experimental and Molecular Pathology. Dr. Stöppler's educational background includes a BA with Highest Distinction from the University of Virginia and an MD from the University of North Carolina. She completed residency training in Anatomic Pathology at Georgetown University followed by subspecialty fellowship training in molecular diagnostics and experimental pathology.

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In preschool group:

• Difficulty recognizing alphabet letters

• Language delays

• Trouble with rhyming

• Difficulty with sounds of letters

• A history of someone in family with dyslexia or another learning disability is sometimes seen in these youngsters

In early elementary grades:

• Difficulty reading single words (especially without visual cues or context)

• Difficulty with "nonsense" or pseudowords

• Slow speed of reading

• Poor spelling

• Numerous substitutions of letters

• Generally good number math concepts

In later elementary and middle school grades:

• As math involves more language, greater math difficulties

• Difficulties with completing assignments involving reading large passages of text

• Trouble with comprehension of reading passages