Earwax, medically referred to as cerumen, is produced by glands in the outer ear canal. Its purpose is to trap dust and other small particles and prevent them from reaching, and potentially damaging the eardrum. Normally, the wax dries up and falls out of the ear, along with any trapped dust or debris.
Picture of the ear and earwax build-up

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Removal of cerumen (wax) from the ear is a significant amount of the workload of an otolaryngologist and is, therefore, an essential skill to master.
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