Earwax: Earwax, or cerumen, is a substance produced by the glands in the outer ear. Earwax has a purpose, and that is to trap dust and other small particles and prevent them from potentially damaging the eardrum. Causes of earwax buildup include using Q tips or other objects to remove earwax. Symptoms of earwax buildup include decreased hearing, a fullness or plugged feeling in the ear, ear pain, dizziness, or ringing in the ear. Medication (drops) and earwax removal by your healthcare provider are treatments for earwax buildup.