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Medical Author:

Charles Patrick Davis, MD, PhD

Charles Patrick Davis, MD, PhD

Dr. Charles "Pat" Davis, MD, PhD, is a board certified Emergency Medicine doctor who currently practices as a consultant and staff member for hospitals. He has a PhD in Microbiology (UT at Austin), and the MD (Univ. Texas Medical Branch, Galveston). He is a Clinical Professor (retired) in the Division of Emergency Medicine, UT Health Science Center at San Antonio, and has been the Chief of Emergency Medicine at UT Medical Branch and at UTHSCSA with over 250 publications.

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Medical Editor:

Melissa Conrad Stöppler, MD, Chief Medical Editor

Melissa Conrad Stöppler, MD, Chief Medical Editor

Melissa Conrad Stöppler, MD, is a U.S. board-certified Anatomic Pathologist with subspecialty training in the fields of Experimental and Molecular Pathology. Dr. Stöppler's educational background includes a BA with Highest Distinction from the University of Virginia and an MD from the University of North Carolina. She completed residency training in Anatomic Pathology at Georgetown University followed by subspecialty fellowship training in molecular diagnostics and experimental pathology.

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influenza, flu, vaccine, vaccination, immunization, shot, side effects, effectiveness, reactions, symptoms, facts, cause, Guillain Barré syndrome, information, H1N1, FluMist, flu season, viruses, swine flu, prevention, intranasal, flu strains, intradermal

Author: Charles P. Davis, MD, PhD

Editor: Melissa Conrad Stöppler, MD, Chief Medical Editor, eMedicineHealth.com

REFERENCES:

Davis, Charles P. "Flu (Influenza)." MedicineNet.com. Jan. 12, 2011. <http://www.medicinenet.com/influenza/article.htm>.

Davis, Charles P. "Swine Flu (Swine Influenza A [H1N1] Virus)." MedicineNet.com. June 1, 2010. <http://www.medicinenet.com/swine_flu/article.htm>.

Greenberg, M.E., M.H. Lai, G.F. Hartel, et al. "Response to a Monovalent 2009 Influenza A (H1N1) Vaccine." N Engl J Med 361 Dec. 17, 2009: 2405.

Monto, A.S., S.E. Ohmit, J.G. Petrie, et al. "Comparative Efficacy of Inactivated and Live Attenuated Influenza Vaccines." N Engl J Med 361 Sept. 24, 2009:1260.

Nolan, T ., J. McVernon, M. Skeljo, et al. "Immunogenicity of a Monovalent 2009 Influenza A(H1N1) Vaccine in Infants and Children." JAMA 303.1 Dec. 21, 2009: 2010.

Stöppler, Melissa Conrad. "Flu Vaccination." MedicineNet.com. Nov. 2, 2009. <http://www.medicinenet.com/flu_vaccination/
page4.htm>.

United States. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. "Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP)." Aug. 16, 2012. <http://www.cdc.gov/vaccines/acip/index.html>. United States. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. "Children, the Flu, and the Flu Vaccine." Aug. 19, 2011. <http://www.cdc.gov/flu/protect/children.htm>.

United States. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. "Influenza Vaccine 2012-2013." July 2, 2012. <http://www.cdc.gov/vaccines/pubs/vis/downloads/vis-flu.pdf>.

United States. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. "Intradermal Influenza (Flu) Vaccination." July 6, 2011. <http://www.cdc.gov/flu/protect/vaccine/qa_intradermal-vaccine.htm>.

United States. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. "Key Facts About Seasonal Flu Vaccine." Sept. 21, 2011. <http://www.cdc.gov/flu/protect/keyfacts.htm>.

United States. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. "The Nasal-Spray Flu Vaccine (Live Attenuated Influenza Vaccine [LAIV])." Sept. 21, 2011. <http://www.cdc.gov/FLU/about/qa/nasalspray.htm>.

United States. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. "Proposed Influenza Vaccination Recommendations for 2012-2013." June 20, 2012. <http://www.cdc.gov/vaccines/acip/meetings/downloads/slides-jun-2012/04-influenza-grohskopf.pdf>.

United States. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. "Selecting the Viruses in the Seasonal Influenza (Flu) Vaccine." Mar. 9, 2011. <http://www.cdc.gov/Flu/professionals/vaccination/virusqa.htm>.

United States. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. "2009 H1N1 Vaccine Safety Summary." Dec. 4, 2009. <http://www.cdc.gov/h1n1flu/in_the_news/vaccine_safety_summary.htm>.

United States. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. "Vaccine Effectiveness - How Well Does the Flu Vaccine Work?" Oct. 13, 2011. <http://www.cdc.gov/flu/about/qa/vaccineeffect.htm>.

United States. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. "What You Should Know for the 2012-2013 Influenza Season." June 14, 2012. <http://www.cdc.gov/flu/about/season/flu-season-2012-2013.htm>.

United States. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. "Who Should Get Vaccinated Against Influenza." Sept. 9, 2011. <http://www.cdc.gov/flu/protect/whoshouldvax.htm>.

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