What Increases Your Risk

A functional ovarian cyst sometimes develops during the latter part of the menstrual cycle, when an egg follicle fills up with fluid. Factors that may increase your risk for developing a functional ovarian cyst include:

• A history of a previous functional ovarian cyst.
• Current use of clomiphene citrate, such as Clomid or Serophene, to start ovulation. For more information, see the topic Fertility Problems.
• Use of low dose progestin-only contraception (such as some implants, pills, and IUDs).

When To Call a Doctor

Call your doctor immediately if you have:

• Sudden, severe pelvic pain with nausea or vomiting.
• Severe vaginal bleeding.
• Sudden faintness or weakness.
• Sudden dizziness with abdominal discomfort that persists for 2 hours or longer.

Call your doctor for an appointment if:

• Pain interferes with your daily activities.
• Your periods have changed from relatively pain-free to painful during the past 3 to 6 months.
• Your periods have changed from regular to infrequent during the past 3 to 6 months and you are not nearing menopause.
• You have pain during sexual intercourse.

For more information about other symptoms that concern you, see the following topics:

• Abdominal Pain, Age 12 and Older
• Abnormal Vaginal Bleeding
• Female Genital Problems
• Missed or Irregular Periods

Watchful Waiting

Most functional ovarian cysts are harmless, do not cause symptoms, and go away without treatment. Watchful waiting is usually an appropriate option if you are diagnosed with a functional ovarian cyst.

Who To See

Ovarian cysts can be diagnosed and treated by any of the following health professionals:

• Family medicine physician
• Internist
• Gynecologist
• Nurse practitioner
• Physician assistant

You may need to see a gynecologist for further testing or treatment.

To prepare for your appointment, see the topic Making the Most of Your Appointment.