Incontinence (cont.)
Medical Author:
Melissa Conrad Stöppler, MD, Chief Medical Editor
Melissa Conrad Stöppler, MD, Chief Medical EditorMelissa Conrad Stöppler, MD, is a U.S. board-certified Anatomic Pathologist with subspecialty training in the fields of Experimental and Molecular Pathology. Dr. Stöppler's educational background includes a BA with Highest Distinction from the University of Virginia and an MD from the University of North Carolina. She completed residency training in Anatomic Pathology at Georgetown University followed by subspecialty fellowship training in molecular diagnostics and experimental pathology. Medical Editor:
Stanley A Brosman, MD
Medical Editor:
Mary L Windle, Pharm D
Medical Editor:
Richard A Santucci, MD, FACS
Medical Editor:
Bradley Fields Schwartz, DO, FACS
IN THIS ARTICLE
Authors and EditorsAuthor: Raymond Rackley, MD, Professor of Surgery, Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine at CWRU; Co-Section Head, Section of Voiding Dysfunction and Female Urology, Glickman Urological Institute, Cleveland Clinic Foundation; George Lazarou, MD, FACOG, Director, Urogynecology and Reconstructive Pelvic Surgery, Jack D Weiler Hospital/Montefiore Medical Center; Assistant Professor, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology and Women's Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine Revising Author: Melissa Conrad Stöppler, MD, Chief Medical Editor, eMedicineHealth.com Coauthor(s): Sandip P Vasavada, MD, Co-Head, Section of Female Urology, Joint Appointment, Urological Institute and Department of Gynecology, Co-Director, Center for Pelvic Neuromodulation, Cleveland Clinic Foundation; Jessica B Johnson, Medical Writer, eMedicine.com, Inc. Editors: Stanley A Brosman, MD, Clinical Professor, Department of Urology, University of California at Los Angeles Medical School; Mary L Windle, Pharm D, Adjunct Assistant Professor, University of Nebraska Medical Center College of Pharmacy; Pharmacy Editor, eMedicine.com, Inc; Richard A Santucci, MD, FACS, Chief of Urology, Detroit Receiving Hospital; Chief of Urologic Trauma Surgery, Sinai Grace Hospital; Assistant Professor, Department of Urology, Wayne State University School of Medicine; Bradley Fields Schwartz, DO, FACS, Director, Center for Urologic Laparoscopy and Endourology, Associate Professor of Urology, Department of Surgery, Southern Illinois University. Last Editorial Review: 2/9/2007 |
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Incontinence, Urinary: Surgical Therapies »
Urinary incontinence is a medical condition that has significant negative effects on quality of life and may cause social stigma, financial hardship, and associated medical problems.
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