1. Slideshow: Low Back Pain
2. Take the Back Pain Quiz!
3. Good and Bad Exercises for Low Back Pain

Medical Author:

Jason C. Eck, DO, MS

Jason C. Eck, DO, MS

Dr. Eck received a Bachelor of Science degree from the Catholic University of America in Biomedical Engineering, followed by a Master of Science degree in Biomedical Engineering from Marquette University. Following this he worked as a research engineer

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Medical Editor:

Melissa Conrad Stöppler, MD, Chief Medical Editor

Melissa Conrad Stöppler, MD, Chief Medical Editor

Melissa Conrad Stöppler, MD, is a U.S. board-certified Anatomic Pathologist with subspecialty training in the fields of Experimental and Molecular Pathology. Dr. Stöppler's educational background includes a BA with Highest Distinction from the University of Virginia and an MD from the University of North Carolina. She completed residency training in Anatomic Pathology at Georgetown University followed by subspecialty fellowship training in molecular diagnostics and experimental pathology.

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A doctor first takes a complete medical history to determine what the symptoms are, when they began, what treatment has already been attempted, and what other medical conditions might be present.

Next, a complete physical exam with a focused exam of the lower back is performed. This includes evaluating the strength in the lower back and leg muscles as well as testing the reflexes and sensation in the legs.

Since most cases of low back pain resolve spontaneously without a specific diagnosis, the doctor may not initially order any other tests.

Imaging studies may include plain x-rays films, CT scans, or MRI of the lumbar spine. These imaging studies need to be interpreted carefully since many people have normal changes seen in these studies as they age, without having physical symptoms. Any diagnosis should be based on specific findings from the history and physical exam that are supported by imaging studies.

If a suspicion of infection, tumor, or inflammatory disorder arises, blood tests may be performed for further evaluation.

A doctor may also order tests to determine if the nerves in the back are being compressed. These tests include EMGs (electromyogram, a test that records the activity of muscles) or nerve conduction studies.

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