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Medical Author:

William C. Shiel Jr., MD, FACP, FACR

William C. Shiel Jr., MD, FACP, FACR

Dr. Shiel received a Bachelor of Science degree with honors from the University of Notre Dame. There he was involved in research in radiation biology and received the Huisking Scholarship. After graduating from St. Louis University School of Medicine, he completed his Internal Medicine residency and Rheumatology fellowship at the University of California, Irvine. He is board-certified in Internal Medicine and Rheumatology.

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Medical Editor:

Melissa Conrad Stöppler, MD, Chief Medical Editor

Melissa Conrad Stöppler, MD, Chief Medical Editor

Melissa Conrad Stöppler, MD, is a U.S. board-certified Anatomic Pathologist with subspecialty training in the fields of Experimental and Molecular Pathology. Dr. Stöppler's educational background includes a BA with Highest Distinction from the University of Virginia and an MD from the University of North Carolina. She completed residency training in Anatomic Pathology at Georgetown University followed by subspecialty fellowship training in molecular diagnostics and experimental pathology.

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Synonyms and Keywords

systemic lupus erythematosus, discoid lupus, SLE, neonatal lupus, drug-induced lupus, lupus, rash, sun-sensitive rash, photosensitivity, autoimmune disease, multisystem disease, Raynaud's syndrome, lung disease, pleurisy, malar rash, discoid rash, lupus

Authors and Editors

Author: William C. Shiel Jr., MD, FACP, FACR

Editor: Melissa Conrad Stöppler, MD, Chief Medical Editor, eMedicineHealth.com

Previous contributing authors and editors:

Author: Julie Hildebrand, MD, Rheumatology Fellow, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Wisconsin.

Coauthor(s): Daniel Muller, MD, PhD, Associate Professor, Department of Internal Medicine, Section of Rheumatology, University of Wisconsin at Madison; Ram Duriseti, MD, Staff Physician, Department of Emergency Medicine, Stanford University Medical Center.

Editors: Kristine M Lohr, MD, Associate Chief, Program Director, Professor, Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, University of Tennessee School of Medicine; Francisco Talavera, PharmD, PhD, Senior Pharmacy Editor, eMedicine; Arthur Weinstein, MD, Professor of Medicine, Georgetown University; Associate Chairman, Department of Medicine, Director, Section of Rheumatology, Washington Hospital Center.

REFERENCES:

Seo, Philip, et al. Oxford American Handbook of Rheumatology. United States: Oxford University Press, 2009.

Weisman, Michael H., et al. Practical Rheumatology. 3rd ed. Philadelphia: Mosby, 2004.