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May 18, 2013
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Mononucleosis (cont.)

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Mononucleosis Causes

The Epstein-Barr virus causes mononucleosis in more than 90% of cases. This ubiquitous, highly contagious organism is a member of the Herpesviridae family of viruses (other viruses in this family include herpes simplex, varicella-zoster, cytomegalovirus, and human herpes virus 6 & 7). Cytomegalovirus (CMV) can sometimes also cause an illness with the symptoms of mononucleosis.

  • Mononucleosis most often occurs in people between 5-25 years of age, with the highest occurrence rate between 15-25 years of age.


    • Between 1%-3% of college students contract mononucleosis each year.


    • In developed countries, it most often occurs in those of higher socioeconomic status.


  • By adulthood, 90%-95% of people have already been infected with EBV.


    • Not all individuals exposed to EBV, however, develop the symptoms of mononucleosis.


    • Once infected, a person develops lifelong immunity to future infections from the disease.


      • EBV has been associated with the development of certain cancers, such as nasopharyngeal carcinoma and Burkitt's lymphoma.


    • EBV is transmitted through exposure to body fluids containing the virus.


      • It is most often transmitted via saliva (hence the name "kissing disease").


      • It can also be spread through blood and genital secretions.

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Mononucleosis - Treatment

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Mononucleosis (mono) - Symptoms

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Read What Your Physician is Reading on Medscape

Infectious Mononucleosis »

Infectious mononucleosis was first described by Sprunt and Evans in the Bulletin of the Johns Hopkins Hospital in 1920.

Read More on Medscape Reference »


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