Medical Treatment

Anterior nosebleed

• A minor nosebleed that has stopped may require no treatment at all. Frequently, the body will form a clot at the site of the bleeding that stops any further bleeding.

• If the source of the bleeding is from a blood vessel that is easily seen, a doctor may cauterize it (seal the blood vessel) with a chemical called silver nitrate after applying a local topical anesthetic inside the nose. Chemical cauterization is most effective when the visible bleeding originates from the very front part of the nose.

• In more complicated cases, a nasal packing may be required to stop the bleeding. Nasal packings apply direct pressure inside the nostril to promote clotting and stop the bleeding. Many different types of nasal packings are available, including petroleum (Vaseline) gauze, balloon nasal packs, and synthetic sponge packs that expand when moistened. The decision as to which one to use is made by the doctor.

• Most people who receive an anterior nasal packing go home with it in place. Because these packings block the drainage pathways of the sinuses, antibiotics may be started to prevent a sinus infection. The packing is usually left in place for 48-72 hours.

Posterior nosebleed

• A posterior nosebleed that does not stop bleeding on its own requires admission to the hospital, as these types of nosebleeds can be very serious. In order to control the bleeding, a posterior nasal packing will be inserted by the doctor. Different types of packings are available, though a balloon nasal pack is most commonly used.

• Unlike anterior nasal packings, posterior nasal packings are much more uncomfortable and frequently require sedatives and pain medications. Furthermore, potential complications such as infection and blockage of the breathing passages may be encountered with posterior nasal packings. Consequently, admission to the hospital and close monitoring are required.

• Posterior packings are usually left in place for 48-72 hours. If this does not control the bleeding, arterial embolization or certain surgical procedures may be required.

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Nosebleed - Length Symptoms Lasted

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