GENERIC NAME: oxycodone and acetaminophen

BRAND NAMES: Percocet, Roxicet, Tylox, Endocet

DRUG CLASS AND MECHANISM: Oxycodone is a narcotic analgesic (pain-reliever) and a cough suppressant that is similar to codeine and hydrocodone. The precise mechanism of pain relief by oxycodone and other narcotics is not known. Acetaminophen is a non-narcotic analgesic and antipyretic (fever reducer). Acetaminophen relieves pain by elevating the pain threshold. It reduces fever through its action on the heat-regulating center of the brain. The combination of oxycodone and acetaminophen achieves greater pain relief than either taken separately. For more information on acetaminophen, please see acetaminophen (Tylenol).

PRESCRIPTION: yes

GENERIC AVAILABLE: yes

PREPARATIONS: Tablet: 5mg oxycodone/325mg acetaminophen; Capsule: 5mg oxycodone/500mg acetaminophen; Solution: 5mg oxycodone/325mg acetaminophen per teaspoonful.

STORAGE: Store at room temperature, sealed, light- resistant container.

PRESCRIBED FOR: Oxycodone & acetaminophen is prescribed for the relief of moderate to moderately severe pain.

DOSING: The dose of oxycodone & acetaminophen is variable and depends on the needs of the patient and specific circumstances.

DRUG INTERACTIONS: Oxycodone, like other narcotic pain-relievers, can exaggerate the effects of other medications and drugs that slow the brain's processes, such as alcohol, barbiturates, and benzodiazepines (e.g. lorazepam, Ativan).

PREGNANCY: There is very little information about the effects on the fetus of oxycodone & acetaminophen given to pregnant women. Physicians may elect to use it if its benefits are deemed to outweigh potential risks.

NURSING MOTHERS: Small amounts of oxycodone are secreted in breast milk and may cause side effects in the newborn.

SIDE EFFECTS: The most frequent adverse reactions of oxycodone & acetaminophen include lightheadedness, dizziness, sedation, nausea, and vomiting. Other side effects include drowsiness, constipation, and spasm of the ureter, which can lead to difficulty in urinating.

Oxycodone can depress breathing and, therefore, is used with caution in elderly, debilitated patients and in patients with serious lung disease. Oxycodone can impair thinking and the physical abilities required for driving or operating machinery. Oxycodone can be habit-forming. Mental and physical dependence can occur but are unlikely when used for short-term pain relief.

Reference: FDA Prescribing Information