Palpitations
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- Palpitations Overview
- Types of Palpitations
- Palpitation Causes
- Palpitation Symptoms
- Exams and Tests
- Palpitations Treatment
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Palpitations Overview
The heart is a two stage electrical pump. The upper chambers of the heart, the atria, (single=atrium) collect blood from the body and pump it into the lower chambers, or ventricles. There is a little delay for the ventricles to fill, and then they pump the blood back to the body. For this to happen in a coordinated fashion, the heart has its own electrical system
Specialized electrical cells imbedded into part of the muscles in the atrium generate the electricity and act as a pacemaker for the heart. About 60-80 times a minute; this pacemaker (the sinoatrial or SA node) fires and sends electrical signals to all of the atrial muscle cells allowing them to fire at once, generating the first half of a heart beat. Electricity also travels to the ventricles but is held up for a split second in the junction between the atrium and ventricle at the atrio-ventricular node to allow the ventricles to fill with blood. Then the signal travels through electrical bundles to allow all the muscle cells of the ventricles to fire at once, causing the second half of the heart beat, and pumping blood to the body. There is then another split second when the electrical system resets itself to get ready for the next electrical impulse and heart beat.
Palpitations occur when a person can feel abnormalities in the normal beating of the heart. These palpitations can be an isolated extra beat, or they can run together and last for prolonged periods of time. Each part of the heart has the potential to be irritable and cause an extra beat to occur. As well, short circuits in the electrical conduction system of the heart can cause "runs" of abnormal firing.
Every muscle cell in the heart has the potential to generate an electrical signal that can spread outside the normal electrical pathways and bundles to try to generate a heart beat. If the SA node fails, then other cells in the atrium try to take over. If they fail, then the AV node can take over but at a lower rate of about 40 beats per minute. And as the final backup, the ventricle itself can generate electricity but at a much slower rate of about 20 beats per minute.
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Palpitations
Mitral Valve Prolapse Overview
Mitral valve prolapse (MVP) is also called click-murmur syndrome, floppy mitral valve syndrome, and Barlow syndrome after the doctor who first described MVP.
The mitral valve is one of 4 valves in the heart. It opens and closes to control blood flow between the heart's left atrium and the left ventricle. The mitral valve has 2 flaps, or "leaflets."
In mitral valve prolapse, one or both leaflets of the valve are too large, or the chordae tendinea (the strings attached to the underside of the leaflets, connected to the ventricular wall) are too long (redundant), resulting in uneven closure of the valve during each heartbeat. Because of uneven closure of the leaflets, the valve bulges back, or "prolapses," into the left atrium like a parachute. When this happens, a very small amount of blood may leak through, moving backward from the ventricle to the atrium.
The valve still wo...
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Atrial Tachycardia »
Atrial tachycardia is a rhythm disturbance that arises in the atria.
