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February 10, 2012
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Pilonidal Cyst (cont.)

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Pilonidal Cyst Causes

Although there are several theories, most researchers today believe that pilonidal cysts are acquired (rather than congenital, or inborn) and are caused by the penetration of loose hairs into the skin. In response to this ingrown hair, a local inflammatory reaction causes a cyst to form around the hair. Excessive pressure or repetitive trauma to the sacrococcygeal area are thought to predispose individuals to develop the cyst or to irritate an already existing pilonidal cyst.

During World War II, more than 80,000 soldiers developed pilonidal cysts requiring hospitalization. Because so many of the afflicted servicemen rode in bumpy Jeeps for prolonged periods of time, the condition was termed "Jeep disease."

In addition to male gender, other risk factors for the development of pilonidal cysts include a family history of pilonidal cysts, occupations which require prolonged sitting, hirsute (hairy or having copious hair) individuals, and the presence of a deep natal cleft (the cleft between the buttocks). Obese individuals are more likely to experience a recurrence of pilonidal cysts.

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Read What Your Physician is Reading on Medscape

Pilonidal Disease »

Pilonidal disease was first reported in 1833. Sacrococcygeal pilonidal sinus is a common disorder among young adults.

Read More on Medscape Reference »

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