Reflux Disease (GERD) Causes

No one knows the exact cause of gastroesophageal reflux. The following are several contributing factors that weaken or relax the lower esophageal sphincter, making reflux worse:

• Lifestyle - Use of alcohol or cigarettes, obesity, poor posture (slouching)

• Medications - Calcium channel blockers, theophylline (Tedral, Hydrophed, Marax, Bronchial, Quibron), nitrates, antihistamines

• Diet - Fatty and fried foods, chocolate, garlic and onions, drinks with caffeine, acid foods such as citrus fruits and tomatoes, spicy foods, mint flavorings

• Eating habits - Eating large meals, eating soon before bedtime

• Other medical conditions - Hiatal hernia, pregnancy, diabetes, rapid weight gain

Hiatal hernia is a condition when the upper part of the stomach protrudes up above the diaphragm (the strong muscle that separates the organs of the chest from those of the abdomen).

• Normally, the diaphragm acts as an additional barrier, helping the lower esophageal sphincter keep acid from backing up into the esophagus.

• A hiatal hernia makes it easier for the acid to back up.

• Hiatal hernia can be caused by persistent coughing, vomiting, straining, or sudden physical exertion. Obesity and pregnancy can make the condition worse.

• Hiatal hernia is very common in people older than 50 years.

• Hiatal hernia usually requires no treatment. In rare cases when the hernia becomes twisted or is making GERD worse, surgery may be required.