Salmonella Glossary of Terms

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Abdomen: The belly, that part of the body that contains all of the structures between the...

Abdominal: Relating to the abdomen, the belly, that part of the body that contains all of ...

Abdominal pain: Pain in the belly. Abdominal pain can be acute or chronic. It may reflect ...

Amebic dysentery: Inflammation of the intestine due to infection with the ameba Entamoeba ...

Aneurysm: A localized widening (dilatation) of an artery, a vein, or the heart. At the poi...

Antibiotic: A drug used to treat infections caused by bacteria and other microorganisms. ...

Aortic: Pertaining to the aorta, the largest artery in the body.

Aortic aneurysm: An outpouching (a local widening) of the largest artery in the body, the ...

Bacteremia: The presence of live bacteria in the bloodstream. Bacteremia is analogous to ...

Bacteria: Single-celled microorganisms that can exist either as independent (free-living) ...

Bacterial: Of or pertaining to bacteria, as in a bacterial lung infection.

Bile: Bile is a yellow-green fluid that is made by the liver, stored in the gallbladder a...

Biopsy: The removal of a sample of tissue for examination under a microscope to check for ...

Botulism: An uncommon but potentially very serious illness, a type of food poisoning, that...

Bradycardia: A slow heart rate, usually defined as less than 60 beats per minute.

Brucellosis: An infectious disease characterized by rising and lowering (undulant) fever, ...

Cancer: An abnormal growth of cells which tend to proliferate in an uncontrolled way and, ...

CBC: A commonly used abbreviation in medicine that stands for complete blood count, a set...

CDC: The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, the US agency charged with tracking a...

Cell: The basic structural and functional unit of any living thing. Each cell is a small c...

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention: The US agency charged with tracking and invest...

Chest: The area of the body located between the neck and the abdomen. The chest contains t...

Complication: In medicine, an unanticipated problem that arises following, and is a result...

Contrast: Short for "contrast media." Contrast media are X-ray dyes used to provide contra...

CT scan: Computerized tomography scan. Pictures of structures within the body created by a...

Dehydration: Excessive loss of body water. Diseases of the gastrointestinal tract that ca...

Diagnosis: 1 The nature of a disease; the identification of an illness. 2 A ...

Diarrhea: A common condition that involves unusually frequent and liquid bowel movements. ...

Dysentery: Inflammation of the intestine, with pain, diarrhea, bloody stools, and often a ...

Endemic: Present in a community at all times but in relatively low frequency. Something t...

Enteric: Of or relating to the small intestine.

Fecal: Relating to the feces, the stool. The excrement discharged from the intestines.

Feces: The excrement discharged from the 'intestines.

Fever: Although a fever technically is any body temperature above the normal of 98.6 degr...

Focal: Pertaining to a focus which in medicine may refer to:
1. The point at ...

Food poisoning: A common flu-like illness typically characterized by nausea, vomiting and...

Fungal: Pertaining to a fungus. For example, a fungal skin infection.

Gallbladder: A pear-shaped organ located below the liver that stores the bile secreted by ...

Gastric: Having to do with the stomach.

Gastroenteritis: Inflammation of the stomach and the intestines. Gastroenteritis can cause...

Gastrointestinal: Adjective referring collectively to the stomach and small and large inte...

Genetic: Having to do with genes and genetic
information.

Giardia: A genus of protozoa that infect the gastrointestinal tract of some animals, incl...

Hydrocephalus: Hydrocephalus is an abnormal buildup of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) in the v...

Hygiene: The science of preventive medicine and the preservation of health. Also commonly ...

Immune: Protected against infection, usually by the presence of antibodies.

Immune response: Any reaction by the immune system. For example, poison ivy can cause an i...

Immune system: A complex system that is responsible for distinguishing a person from every...

Immunity: The condition of being immune. Immunity can be innate'for example, humans are in...

Immunization: Vaccination. Immunizations work by stimulating the immune system, the natur...

Infection: The invasion and multiplication of microorganisms such as bacteria, viruses, an...

Intervention: The act of intervening, interfering or interceding with the intent of modify...

Intestine: The long, tubelike organ in the abdomen that completes the process of digestion...

Liver: The largest solid organ in the body, situated in the upper part of the abdomen on t...

Lymph: The almost colorless fluid that travels through the lymphatic system, carrying cell...

Meningitis: Inflammation of the meninges, the three membranes that envelop the brain and t...

Mortality: A fatal outcome or, in one word, death. The word "mortality" is derived from "m...

Mortality rate: A death rate. There are a number of different types of mortality rates as,...

Myocarditis: Inflammation of the myocardium, the heart muscle.

Nausea: Stomach queasiness, the urge to vomit. Nausea can be brought on by many causes, in...

Nephritis: Inflammation of the kidney, which causes impaired kidney function. Nephritis ca...

Nomenclature: A system of names used in a particular discipline, as in medicine and surger...

Organ: A relatively independent part of the body that carries out one or more special func...

Pain: An unpleasant sensation that can range from mild, localized discomfort to agony. Pa...

Parasitic: Having to do with a parasite, as in a parasitic infection; or acting like a par...

Pediatric: Pertaining to children.

Poisoning: Taking a substance that is injurious to health or can cause death. Poisoning i...

Prevalence: The proportion of individuals in a population having a disease or characterist...

Prognosis: The forecast of the probable outcome or course of a disease; the patient's chan...

Protein: One of the three nutrients used as energy sources (calories) by the body. Protein...

Proteins: Large molecules composed of one or more chains of amino acids in a specific orde...

Psychosis: In the general sense, a mental illness that markedly interferes with a person'...

Public health: The approach to medicine that is concerned with the health of the community...

Resistance: Opposition to something, or the ability to withstand something. For example, s...

Risk factor: Something that increases a person's chances of developing a disease. For exam...

Rotavirus: A virus that is a leading cause of severe diarrhea and dehydration in young chi...

Salmonella: A group of bacteria that cause typhoid fever and a number of other illnesses...

Salmonellosis: Infection with bacteria belonging to the genus Salmonella. Salmonellosi...

Scan: As a noun, the data or image obtained from the examination of organs or regions of...

Sensitivity: 1. In psychology, the quality of being sensitive. As, for example, sen...

Sepsis: The presence of bacteria (bacteremia), other infectious organisms, or toxins creat...

Septic: Infected, or denoting infection. For example, septic shock is shock that is caused...

Shigellosis: Epidemic and opportunistic (causes disease when the immune system is suppress...

Stomach: The digestive organ that is located in the upper abdomen, under the ribs. The upp...

Strain: 1. An injury to a tendon or muscle resulting from overuse or trauma. 2. A heredita...

Surgery: The branch of medicine that employs operations in the treatment of disease or inj...

Sweating: The act of secreting fluid from the skin by the sweat (sudoriferous) glands. The...

Therapy: The treatment of disease. Therapy is synonymous with treatment.

Typhoid: See: Typhoid fever.

Typhoid fever: An acute illness characterized by fever caused by infection with the bacter...

Typhoid Mary: A chronic carrier of the agent of typhoid fever, or the chronic carrier of t...

Ultrasound: High-frequency sound waves. Ultra-sound waves can be bounced off tissues by us...

Vaccination: Injection of a killed microbe in order to stimulate the immune system against...

Vaccines: Microbial preparations of killed or modified microorganisms that can stimulate a...

Viral: Of or pertaining to a virus. For example, if a person has a viral rash, the rash wa...

Virulent: Extremely noxious, damaging, deleterious, and disease causing (pathogenic); mark...