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School Refusal (cont.)

Exams and Tests

Helpful tools to confirm the diagnosis of an anxiety disorder and the level of impairment include the following:

  • The Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL)


  • The Children's Manifest Anxiety Scale


  • Children's Global Rating Scale



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Anxiety Disorder: Separation Anxiety and School Refusal »

According to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fourth Edition (DSM-IV), separation anxiety is a fairly common anxiety disorder that consists of excessive anxiety beyond that expected for the child's developmental level related to separation or impending separation from the attachment figure (eg, primary caretaker, close family member) occurring in children younger than 18 years and lasting for at least 4 weeks.

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