Neuroleptic malignant syndrome is a life-threatening reaction that may occur as a result of taking certain antipsychotic medicines. The exact cause of this syndrome is not known, but it may occur when the medicine causes a malfunction in the system that regulates the body's temperature.

The first signs of neuroleptic malignant syndrome include high fever and changes in a person's heart and breathing patterns. People who take antipsychotic medicines and develop these symptoms need to be seen immediately by a health professional.