Advantages and Disadvantages of Intrauterine Devices (IUDs)
Advantages and Disadvantages of Intrauterine Devices (IUDs)
The following table lists the advantages and disadvantages of using intrauterine devices (IUDs) as a birth control method.
Deciding about the IUD birth control method| Consideration | IUDs |
|---|
| Advantages | - More than 99% effective in preventing pregnancy1
- Most cost-effective method of birth control over time
- Easy to use
- Does not require interruption of foreplay or intercourse
- Does not require cooperation of sexual partner
- Safe to use while breast-feeding
- Can be removed whenever you have problems or want to stop using it. Fertility returns with the first ovulation cycle following IUD removal.
- Hormonal IUD can relieve heavy menstrual bleeding and cramping in most women
- Copper IUD can be used for emergency contraception within 5 days of unprotected intercourse
- Can be inserted after a normal vaginal delivery, a cesarean section, or a first-trimester abortion
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| Disadvantages | - Costs several hundred dollars for insertion. (This cost may be covered by your health insurance. Some community clinics may offer insertion and removal at a reduced rate or free to low-income clients.) If the IUD is expelled, it costs just as much to get a new one. Having an IUD removed is also costly. However, if an IUD is used for 5 years or longer, it is the most cost-effective form of birth control.
- Only a health professional can remove the IUD. Never attempt to remove the IUD yourself or allow a partner to try to remove it.
- Does not provide protection against sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) or HIV. (A condom is needed for STD protection.)
- When inserted, can spread a genital infection into the uterus, leading to pelvic inflammatory disease (PID) in the first months after insertion. This is why you are screened for STDs before getting an IUD.
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References
Citations
Grimes DA (2007). Intrauterine devices (IUDs). In RA Hatcher et al., eds., Contraceptive Technology, 19th ed., pp. 117–143. New York: Ardent Media.
Credits
| By | Healthwise Staff |
| Primary Medical Reviewer | Sarah Marshall, MD - Family Medicine |
| Specialist Medical Reviewer | Kirtly Jones, MD - Obstetrics and Gynecology |
| Last Revised | June 28, 2011 |
