Tongue-tie (ankyloglossia) is a birth defect in which the tissue that attaches the tongue to the bottom of the mouth (lingual frenulum) is too short. This condition may interfere with a child's eating, speech development, and social interaction.

Many babies with tongue-tie do not have symptoms. The lingual frenulum may stretch as the child grows or adapts to the tongue restriction. But some children with tongue-tie have:

• Difficulty latching on to the mother's breast and sucking. (Bottle-fed babies usually do not have feeding problems, because it is easy to get milk from the nipple of a bottle.)
• Speech problems because the tip of the tongue cannot rise high enough to make (articulate) some sounds clearly, such as t, d, z, s, th, n, and l.
• Personal or social problems related to the restricted tongue movement. The restricted tongue can make it difficult for a child to play a wind instrument or to clean food off the teeth with the tongue. A child with tongue-tie may be ridiculed by his or her peers.

Many children with tongue-tie adapt to the tongue restriction or their lingual frenulum stretches as they grow. Surgery may be needed if a child has a lot of problems caused by the tongue restriction.