Definition of Polycystic kidney disease

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Polycystic kidney disease: One of the genetic disorders characterized by the development of innumerable cysts in the kidneys. These cysts are filled with fluid, and replace much of the mass of the kidneys. This reduces kidney function, leading to kidney failure.

There are two major genetic forms of polycystic kidney disease that are inherited differently and tend to strike at different ages and proceed at different speeds:

• Autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease -- also known as adult polycystic kidney disease.

• Autosomal recessive polycystic kidney disease -- also known as juvenile polycystic kidney disease.

Polycystic kidney disease can be diagnosed by ultrasound imaging and by CAT or MRI scan. Treatment involves managing pain and treating infections, high blood pressure, and kidney failure.