Medical Treatment

Should the child come to the hospital with persistent seizure activity (what is termed status epilepticus), the following interventions will be undertaken in the emergency department:

• Emergency treatment is begun to make sure the airway is open and oxygen intake is adequate. A monitor called a pulse oximeter will be used to measure oxygen content in the bloodstream. If additional oxygen is needed, a mask may be used.
  
  
• If necessary, the airway may be opened by means of a jaw thrust, chin lift, or a device known as an oral airway. In some cases, it may be necessary to breathe for the child, either with the use of a bag and mask or by placement of a tube in the trachea (windpipe).
  
  
• Additional interventions may be needed as a physical examination is performed.
  
  
  • Placement of an IV line to obtain blood for testing and to administer medication to stop the seizure
    
    
  • A rapid bedside test for blood sugar (glucose) to determine if it is low and if glucose needs to be given through the IV (low blood sugar can cause seizures)
    
    
  • Measuring vital signs (temperature, pulse, respiratory rate, and blood pressure)
    
    
  • Treatment to lower body temperature, if fever is present