Slideshow: See Pictures and Learn About Pink Eye (Conjunctivitis)

What is "pink eye"?

Pink eye (conjunctivitis) is redness and inflammation of the membranes covering the whites of the eyes and the membranes on the inner part of the eyelids. These membranes react to a wide range of bacteria, viruses, allergy-provoking agents, irritants, toxic agents, and underlying diseases within the body. Viral and bacterial forms of conjunctivitis are common in childhood, but they can occur in people of any age.

Viral pink eye

Viral pink eye symptoms are usually associated with more of a watery discharge that is not green or yellow in color. Often, viral "cold-like" symptoms, such as sinus congestion and runny nose, are also present. The eyelids may also be swollen. While viral pink eye does not require an antibiotic, those affected should see a doctor, as occasionally this form of pink eye can be associated with infection of the cornea. Viral pink eye is highly contagious and usually resolves seven to 10 days after symptoms appear.

Bacterial pink eye

Bacterial pink eye symptoms include eye pain, swelling, redness, and a moderate to large amount of discharge, usually yellow or greenish in color. The discharge commonly accumulates after sleeping. Affected children may awaken with their "eyes stuck shut," requiring a warm washcloth applied to the eyes to remove the discharge. Treatment includes repeated warm washcloths applied to the eyes and antibiotic eyedrops or ointment as prescribed by the doctor.

Allergic pink eye

Allergic pink eye symptoms and signs are usually accompanied by intense itching, tear production, and swelling of the eye membranes. Causes of allergic pink eye include seasonal pollens, animal dander, and dust. It is frequently seasonal and accompanied by other typical "allergy" symptoms such as sneezing, itchy nose, or scratchy throat. This form of pink eye is not contagious. Cold, moist washcloths applied to the eyes and over-the-counter decongestant eyedrops can provide relief. Your doctor can prescribe stronger medications if these remedies are not adequate.

Chemical pink eye

Common irritants causing chemical pinkeye are household cleaners, sprays of any kind, smoke, smog, and industrial pollutants. Prompt, thorough washing of the eyes with very large amounts of water is very important if an irritating substance enters the eye. Your doctor or your local poison-control center should be contacted at once, even if you think the irritant or chemical is "safe," as some of the most common household products like bleach and furniture polish can be very damaging.

Common symptoms of pink eye

As seen in the previous slides, there are several types of pink eye resulting from various causes. On the next several slides, we'll take a look at the range of pink eye signs and symptoms from moderate to severe.

Common symptoms of pink eye

Eye redness (hyperemia).

Common symptoms of pink eye

Swollen, red eyelids.

Common symptom of pink eye

Feeling as if something is in the eye (foreign-body sensation) is a common symptom of pink eye.

Common symptom of pink eye

An itching or burning feeling in the eye is common with pink eye.

Common symptom of pink eye

Mild sensitivity to light (photophobia) is not unusual with pink eye.

Common symptom of pink eye

Drainage from the eye is a symptom of a bacterial pink eye infection.

Common symptom of pink eye

Smoke, chemicals, or fumes may cause chemical pink eye.

What underlying diseases are associated with persistent pink eye?

Persistent pink eye (conjunctivitis) can be a sign of an underlying illness in the body. Most often these are rheumatic diseases, such as rheumatoid arthritis and systemic lupus erythematosus. Conjunctivitis is also seen in Kawasaki's disease (a rare disease associated with fever in infants and young children) and certain inflammatory bowel diseases such as ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease.

How can I prevent the spread of pink eye?

Infectious forms of pinkeye are highly contagious and are spread by direct contact with infected people. If you or your child has infectious pink eye, avoid touching the eye area and wash your hands frequently, particularly after applying medications to the eye area. Never share towels or handkerchiefs, and throw away tissues after each use. Disinfecting surfaces like countertops, sinks, and doorknobs can also help prevent the spread of infectious pink eye.

More Reading on Pink Eye & Eye Conditions

• Pink Eye
• Eye Allergies
• Eye Pain
• Subconjunctival Hemorrhage (Bleeding in Eye)