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Transient Ischemic Attack
(TIA, Mini-Stroke)

Transient Ischemic Attack (TIA) Overview

The control centers of the brain

The brain controls how our body functions, how we think, how we see, how we talk, and how we move.

The right side of the brain controls the left side of the body, and the left side of the brain controls the right side of the body. This includes movement and sensation.
Speech centers usually located in the Broca's area on the left side of the brain.
Vision is controlled by the back of the brain in the occipital lobes.
The carotid arteries provide the majority of the blood supply to these parts of the brain (anterior circulation).
Balance and coordination are controlled by the cerebellum, or the base of the brain, and its blood supply comes from the vertebral arteries located in the bony canals in the back of the vertebral column (posterior circulation).

When an area of the brain loses its blood supply it stops working, the part of the body it controls also stops working. This is what happens with a stroke or CVA (cerebrovascular accident).

When the brain loses blood supply, it tries to restore blood flow. If blood supply is restored, function may return to the affected brain cells, permitting return of function to the affected body part. This is what happens with a TIA (transient ischemic attack). Some may consider this a mini-stroke, however, in reality, it is a stroke that resolved or improved functionality to the affected body part.

By definition, a TIA resolves within 24 hours, but most TIA symptoms resolve within a few minutes.

TIAs are often warning signs of a future stroke. The risk of a stroke increases dramatically in the days and weeks after a transient ischemic attack, and the TIA may offer an opportunity to find a cause and prevent the permanent neurologic damage that results because of a stroke.