Insomnia Medications
Pharmacy Author:
Medical and Pharmacy Editor:
Melissa Conrad Stöppler, MD, Chief Medical Editor
Melissa Conrad Stöppler, MD, Chief Medical EditorMelissa Conrad Stöppler, MD, is a U.S. board-certified Anatomic Pathologist with subspecialty training in the fields of Experimental and Molecular Pathology. Dr. Stöppler's educational background includes a BA with Highest Distinction from the University of Virginia and an MD from the University of North Carolina. She completed residency training in Anatomic Pathology at Georgetown University followed by subspecialty fellowship training in molecular diagnostics and experimental pathology.
Acute & Chronic InsomniaInsomnia (in-SOM-ne-ah) is a common sleep disorder. People who have insomnia have trouble falling asleep, staying asleep, or both. As a result, they may get too little sleep or have poor-quality sleep. They may not feel refreshed when they wake up. Insomnia can be acute (short-term) or chronic (ongoing). Acute insomnia is common and often is brought on by situations such as stress at work, family pressures, or a traumatic event. Acute insomnia lasts for days or weeks. Chronic insomnia lasts for a month or longer. Most cases of chronic insomnia are secondary, which means they are the symptom or side effect of some other problem. Certain medical conditions, medicines, sleep disorders, and substances can cause secondary insomnia. In contrast, primary insomnia isn't due to medical problems, medicines, or other substances. It is its own distinct disorder, and its cause isn’t well understood. Many life changes can trigger primary insomnia, including long-lasting stress and emotional upset. Insomnia can cause daytime sleepiness and a lack of energy. It also can make you feel anxious, depressed, or irritable. You may have trouble focusing on tasks, paying attention, learning, and remembering. These problems can prevent you from doing your best at work or school. Insomnia also can cause other serious problems. For example, you may feel drowsy while driving, which could lead to an accident. SOURCE: What Is Insomnia?Insomnia is the most common sleep complaint among people. Insomnia is defined as difficultly falling asleep, staying asleep, or both, resulting in inadequate length of sleep and/or poor quality of sleep, which may affect a person's ability to function during the day. Insomnia also may affect quality of life, work performance, and overall health. Insomnia is not a disease, but a symptom associated with a variety of medical, psychiatric, or sleep disorders. What Causes Insomnia?Insomnia is usually a transient or short-term condition (lasting less than 3 months). In some cases insomnia can become chronic (more than 6 months). Transient insomnia specifically lasts up to 1 week and is associated with acute situational stress factors such as a job interview or exam. It usually resolves once the person has adjusted to stress factor, or it is no longer a concern. It can however reemerge when new or similar stressors occur. Causes of short-term (acute) insomnia are typically related to more significant or persistent stress sources, which may be environmental factors such as too much noise, light, temperature extremes, or an uncomfortable bed ,or situational factors including relationship concerns or losses (for example, death of a family member). Causes of chronic insomnia are more variable and are associated with underlying causes which include the following: Medical disorders
Neurologic disorders
Psychiatric disorders Drug-related insomnia
Primary insomnia Primary insomnia may be diagnosed when all other disorders have been excluded. Primary insomnia is often referred to as psychophysiologic insomnia. This disorder often results from a period of stress in a person's life. Normally, this condition resolves over time, but for some, insomnia results in ongoing tension and an inability to sleep. Bad sleep habits develop, and the person begins to worry about his or her sleep, worsening the symptoms of insomnia. The bad habits must be "unlearned," and the person educated regarding good sleep hygiene practices. |
Sleep Disorders
Get tips for better sleep.
From WebMD
Sleep Resources
Featured Centers
- Ask the Nutritionist: Weight Loss Tips
- Which Drugstore Tooth Whiteners Work Best?
- Gout: Symptoms, Causes, and Treatments
Health Solutions From Our Sponsors
Insomnia Medications
Insomnia Overview
Most adults have experienced insomnia or sleeplessness at one time or another in their lives. An estimated 30%-50% of the general population are affected by insomnia, and 10% have chronic insomnia.
Insomnia is a symptom, not a stand-alone diagnosis or a disease. By definition, insomnia is "difficulty initiating or maintaining sleep, or both" or the perception of poor quality sleep. Insomnia may therefore be due to inadequate quality or quantity of sleep. Insomnia is not defined by a specific number of hours of sleep that one gets, since individuals vary widely in their sleep needs and practices. Although most of us know what insomnia is and how we feel and perform after one or more sleepless nights, few seek medical advice. Many people remain unaware of the behavioral and medical options available to treat insomnia.
Insomnia is generally classified based on the duration of the problem. Not everyone agrees on one definition, but general...
Read What Your Physician is Reading on Medscape
Insomnia »
Insomnia is defined as repeated difficulty with the initiation, duration, maintenance, or quality of sleep that occurs despite adequate time and opportunity for sleep that results in some form of daytime impairment.
Featured Topics
Medical Dictionary
Pill Identifier on RxList
- quick,
easy,
pill identification
Find a Local Pharmacy
- including
24 hour
pharmacies
