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May 23, 2013
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Whooping Cough (Pertussis)

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Whooping Cough (Pertussis) Overview

Whooping cough is an infectious bacterial illness that affects the respiratory passages. First described in the 1640s, whooping cough is so named because spasms of coughing are punctuated by a characteristic "whoop" sound when the person inhales deeply after a coughing spell.

  • Whooping cough is one of the most common vaccine-preventable disease among children younger than 5 years of age in the United States. It is also known as pertussis -- the "P" in the familiar DTaP combination inoculation routinely given to children and the "p" in Tdap given to adolescents and adults.
  • Despite the widespread use of vaccines, whooping cough has made a comeback in recent years. According to the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), prior to the introduction of the pertussis vaccine, there were an average of 175,000 cases of whooping cough each year. This dropped off to fewer than 3,000 cases per year in the 1980s; in the U.S. alone, a total of 27,550 cases of pertussis were reported in 2010.
  • The World Health Organization estimates there were 195,000 deaths from whooping cough worldwide in 2008, making this easy-to-prevent disease one of the leading causes of illness and death.
  • The prevalence of whooping cough in children is increasing. In 2010, the CDC saw an increase in reported cases among 7- to 10-year-olds.
  • In June 2010, the State of California declared a whooping cough epidemic. In September 2010, the California Department of Health reported 4,017 cases of confirmed, suspected, and probable whopping cough, the largest number of cases since 1955.
  • In April 2012, the State of Washington also reported a whooping cough epidemic, with over 1,000 cases reported in the year. The State of Washington estimates there may be 3,000 cases of whooping cough by the end of the year, which is more cases than have been seen in 60 years.

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Whooping Cough - Symptoms

The eMedicineHealth physician editors ask:

What symptoms did you experience with your whooping cough?

Whooping Cough - Describe Your Experience

The eMedicineHealth physician editors ask:

Please describe your experience with whooping cough (pertussis).

Whooping Cough Symptoms

Symptoms of whooping cough may occur in three stages, especially in young children. Adults and older children may not follow this pattern of symptoms.

In stage 1, symptoms are like those of a cold:

  • You sneeze and have a runny nose, a mild cough, watery eyes, and sometimes a mild fever.
  • The symptoms last from several days to 2 weeks.
  • This is when you are most likely to spread the disease.

In stage 2, the cold symptoms get better, but the cough gets worse.

  • The cough goes from a mild, dry, hacking cough to a severe cough that you can't control.
  • You may cough so long and hard that you can't breathe. When you can take a breath of air, it may make a whooping noise.
  • After a coughing fit, you may vomit and feel very tired.
  • Between coughing fits, you feel normal.
  • Symptoms are most severe in this stage. They usually last 2 to 4 weeks or longer.

In stage 3, you still have symptoms, but you feel better and grow stronger.

  • The cough may get louder.
  • Coughing fits may happen off and on for weeks.
  • Coughing fits may flare up if you get a cold or have a similar illness.
  • This stage may last longer if you have never had the vaccine.

Adults and older children usually have milder symptoms than young children. How bad your symptoms are also depends on whether you've had the vaccine and how long ago it was.

Symptoms of whooping cough usually last 6 to 10 weeks, but they may last longer.

SOURCE:
healthwise. Whooping Cough (Pertussis).

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Pertussis »

Pertussis, commonly known as whooping cough, is a respiratory tract infection characterized by a paroxysmal cough.

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