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May 21, 2013


Wrinkles Glossary of Terms

The following are health and medical definitions of terms that appear in the Wrinkles article.

Abnormal: Outside the expected norm, or uncharacteristic of a particular patient.

Aging: The process of becoming older, a process that is genetically determined and environ...

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Anesthesia: Loss of feeling or awareness, as when an anesthetic is administered before sur...

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Bacteria: Single-celled microorganisms that can exist either as independent (free-living) ...

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Botox: A highly purified preparation of botulinum toxin A, a toxin produced by the bacteri...

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Cellulite: In popular language, deposits of fat that have a cottage cheese-like texture. M...

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Clostridium: A group of anaerobic bacteria (bacteria that thrive in the absence of oxygen)...

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Clostridium botulinum: A group of gram-positive, rod-shaped bacteria commonly found...

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Collagen: The principal protein of the skin, tendons, cartilage, bone, and connective tiss...

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Contraction: The tightening and shortening of a muscle.

Dermabrasion: A surgical procedure that involves the controlled scraping away of the upper...

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Dermatitis: Inflammation of the skin, either due to direct contact with an irritating sub...

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Dermatology: 1. The branch of medicine concerned with the diagnosis, treatment, and...

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Dermis: The lower or inner layer of the two main layers of cells that make up the skin.Th...

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Edema: The swelling of soft tissues as a result of excess fluid accumulation. Edema is oft...

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Extrinsic: 1. Not an essential or inherent part of a something such as a structure....

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Fascia: A flat band of tissue below the skin that covers underlying tissues and separates ...

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FDA: Food and Drug Administration.

Filler: An inactive substance used to make the active medicine easier to measure. For exam...

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Flexion: The process of bending, or the state of being bent. For example, flexion of the f...

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Genetic: Having to do with genes and genetic
information.

Horizontal: In anatomy, a plane passing through the standing body. A person lying on a bed...

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Hyaluronic acid: A viscous slippery substance that lubricates the joints, maintains the sh...

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Inheritance: The transmission of a gene from parent to child. The pattern of inheritance i...

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Intrinsic: 1. An essential or inherent part of a something such as a structure.
...

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Liposuction: The surgical suctioning of fat deposits from specific parts of the body, the ...

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Microscopic: So small it cannot be seen without the aid of microscope. As opposed to macro...

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Muscle: Muscle is the tissue of the body which primarily functions as a source of power. T...

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Muscular: Having to do with the muscles. Also, endowed with above average muscle developme...

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Obesity: The state of being well above one's normal weight.

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Operating room: A facility that is equipped for performing surgery. Abbreviated OR.

Paralysis: Loss of voluntary movement (motor function). Paralysis that affects only one mu...

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Prescription: A physician's order for the preparation and administration of a drug or dev...

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Protein: One of the three nutrients used as energy sources (calories) by the body. Protein...

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Radiation: 1. Rays of energy. Gamma rays and X-rays are two of the types of energy ...

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Respiration: The act of inhaling and exhaling air in order to exchange oxygen for carbon d...

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Retinoid: 1. Vitamin A (retinol) or a naturally occurring or synthetic substance ch...

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Subcutaneous: Under the skin. For example, a subcutaneous injection is an injection in whi...

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Sunscreen: A substance that blocks the effect of the sun's harmful rays. Using lotions tha...

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Superficial: In anatomy, on the surface or shallow. As opposed to deep. The skin is superf...

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Surgery: The branch of medicine that employs operations in the treatment of disease or inj...

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Synthesis: Putting together different entities to make a whole which is new and different....

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Systemic: Affecting the entire body. A systemic disease such as diabetes can affect the wh...

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Topical: Pertaining to a particular surface area. For example, a topical agent is applied ...

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Toxin: A poison produced by certain animals, plants, or bacteria.

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Ultrasound: High-frequency sound waves. Ultra-sound waves can be bounced off tissues by us...

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Ultraviolet radiation: Invisible rays that are part of the energy that comes from the su...

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Vertical: In anatomy, upright. As opposed to horizontal.

Vitamin A: Vitamin A is retinol. Carotene compounds (found, for example, in egg yolk, butt...

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Vitamin D: A steroid vitamin which promotes the intestinal absorption and metabolism of ca...

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Womb: The womb (uterus) is a hollow, pear-shaped organ located in a woman's lower abdomen ...

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