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Brain Infection
Our brain, the spinal cord, and its surrounding structures could become infected by a large spectrum of germs (that is, microorganisms). Bacteria and viruses are the most common offenders. -
Is Meningitis Contagious
Viral and bacterial forms of meningitis are considered contagious, while fungal, parasitic, and non-infectious forms are not. This infection and inflammation of the protective “meninges” covering the brain and spinal cord. -
Lyme Disease
Lyme disease, sometimes referred to as Lyme infection, is a bacterial illness, transmitted to humans by the bite of deer ticks (Ixodes ticks) carrying a bacterium known as Borrelia burgdorferi. Symptoms and signs include a red bull's-eye rash and flu-like illness in the early stages of Lyme disease. Doctors will treat primary or early Lyme disease with oral antibiotics including doxycycline, penicillins, or erythromycin. -
Meningitis in Adults
Meningitis is an infection of the layers around the spinal cord called meninges. This potentially life-threatening condition can be caused by bacteria, viruses, fungus, or reactions to medications or environmental toxins. -
Meningitis in Children
Meningitis is an inflammation of the membranes that surround the spinal cord or brain. Bacterial meningitis is caused by bacterial and viral meningitis is caused by a virus. Meningitis symptoms in children include vomiting, rash, stiff neck, fever, seizure, nausea, increased sensitivity to light, and altered mental status. Treatment may incorporate a breathing tube, a heart and breathing monitor, IV fluids, catheterization, and administering acetaminophen or ibuprofen. -
Mumps
Mumps is a disease, usually of children, caused by a virus. The hallmark symptoms of mumps is swelling of the salivary glands. Symptoms and signs include: fever, headache, gland swelling, testicular pain, abdominal pain, seizure, difficulty swallowing, and orchitis (testicle inflammation). Mumps treatment focuses on relieving symptoms. -
Ticks
There are more than 800 species of ticks worldwide. Ticks transmit diseases such as Lyme disease, Rocky Mountain spotted fever, Q fever, tularemia, babesiosis, and ehrlichiosis. Tick bite symptoms include fever, rash, weakness, nausea and vomiting. Treatment involves removing the tick with tweezers, cleaning the bite area with soap and water, and applying antibiotics to the bite. -
West Nile Virus
West Nile virus is a Flaviviridiae virus transmitted to humans by mosquito bites. West Nile virus infection typically begins with the abrupt onset of symptoms including fever, chills, muscle aches, headache, and flu-like symptoms. There is no known effective antiviral treatment or vaccine to prevent West Nile virus.
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Lyme Disease Lyme disease, sometimes referred to as Lyme infection, is a bacterial illness, transmitted to humans by the bite of deer ticks (Ixodes ticks) carrying a bacterium known as Borrelia burgdorferi. Symptoms and signs include a red bull's-eye rash and flu-like illness in the early stages of Lyme disease. Doctors will treat primary or early Lyme disease with oral antibiotics including doxycycline, penicillins, or erythromycin.
Encephalitis Topic Guide - Visuals
Slideshows, Pictures, Images, and Quizzes:
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Encephalitis Topic Guide - Medications and Vitamins
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Haemophilus influenzae type B (Hib) is a bacteria that can cause serious illness, including breathing problems or meningitis. Hib infection usually affects ...learn more »

Pneumococcal disease is a serious infection caused by a bacteria. Pneumococcal bacteria can infect the sinuses and inner ear. It can also infect the lungs, ...learn more »