Medical Author: Melissa Conrad Stöppler, MD, Chief Medical Editor
Medically Reviewed on 10/31/2022
Doctor's Notes on Food Poisoning
The term food poisoning has been used to refer to a foodborne illness. This can be due to the consumption of food that contains a toxin, chemical, or infectious agent (such as a bacterium, virus, parasite, or prion). Most commonly, foodborne illnesses are caused by Norovirus or the bacterial types Campylobacter, Clostridium perfringens, and Salmonella.
Symptoms of food poisoning may arise from the gastrointestinal tract or in some cases may be more widespread and involve other body systems. The most common symptoms are:
- vomiting,
- watery diarrhea,
- abdominal pain and
- cramping.
Vomiting and diarrhea may cause significant fluid loss, leading to symptoms and signs of dehydration. Abnormalities in electrolyte balance can affect the function of a number of body systems. Other associated symptoms may include:
- lethargy,
- rectal bleeding, or
- fever.
What Is the Treatment for Food Poisoning?
Most cases of food poisoning are mild and do not require specific treatment beyond maintaining adequate hydration:
- Fluids and electrolytes (essential minerals like sodium and potassium) can be replaced by consuming bland foods and sports drinks.
- Children and babies may require oral rehydration solutions.
- In severe cases, administration of IV fluids in the hospital may be needed.
Food Portion Distortion : Correct Serving Size Quiz
QuestionA bagel 20 years ago was 3 inches in diameter and had 140 calories. How many calories do you think are in today's bagel?
See AnswerMust Read Articles:
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REFERENCE:
Kasper, D.L., et al., eds. Harrison's Principles of Internal Medicine, 19th Ed. United States: McGraw-Hill Education, 2015.