Medical Author: Melissa Conrad Stöppler, MD, Chief Medical Editor
Medically Reviewed on 10/31/2022
Doctor's Notes on Abnormal Hemoglobin Levels
Hemoglobin is an oxygen-carrying protein found inside red blood cells (known as erythrocytes). The hemoglobin molecule is made up of four protein chains joined together and plays a role in maintaining the shape of the red blood cells. Anemia is a medical condition in which the red blood cell count or level of hemoglobin is lower than normal. Anemia can arise due to loss of red blood cells (such as bleeding), decreased production of red blood cells by the bone marrow, or destruction of red blood cells.
Symptoms of anemia are related to lower amounts of oxygen delivered to the body and may include:
- malaise,
- fatigue,
- shortness of breath,
- pale skin,
- dizziness
- heart palpitations, and
- hair loss.
What Is the Treatment for Abnormal Hemoglobin Levels?
Treatment for low levels of hemoglobin depends on what is causing the condition and may include:
- Iron supplements
- Vitamin B12 injections
- Folic acid or vitamin C supplements
- Immunosuppressive drugs for hemolytic anemia
- Blood transfusions
Blood and Bleeding Disorders Quiz
QuestionSickle cell disease is named after a farming tool.
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REFERENCE:
Kasper, D.L., et al., eds. Harrison's Principles of Internal Medicine, 19th Ed. United States: McGraw-Hill Education, 2015.