Doctor's Notes on Plantar Warts
Vaginal discharge is fluid produced by glands in the vaginal wall and cervix that exits from the opening of the vagina. A certain amount of vaginal discharge as normal. However, an increased amount of discharge, an abnormal odor or consistency of the fluid, or vaginal discharge accompanied by pain may be signs of a vaginal infection or other condition. Vaginal discharge can be caused by bacterial vaginosis, yeast infections, or infections like Chlamydia, gonorrhea, or Trichomonas that are passed to others through sexual contact. Soaps, douches, or spermicides are other possible causes of vaginal discharge.
Depending on the cause of the vaginal discharge and particularly when an infection is present, there can be other symptoms associated with the condition, like pain during urination, pain with sexual intercourse, and burning or itching of the vagina.
Plantar Warts Symptoms
- Foot pain localized to a thickened area on the sole
- Firm, warty (rough, bumpy, and spongy, some appear thick and scaly) lesions with tiny pinpoint dark spots in the body of the wart (not always apparent): These dark spots are minute, thrombosed (containing blood clots) capillaries in the deeper layers of the skin.
- Smooth surface with a gray-yellow or brown color
- Often located over areas of pressure or bony point such as the heel and ball of the foot
- Usually flat because of pressure
- Several warts may fuse to form "mosaic" warts.
Plantar Warts Causes
The HPV types 57, 27, and 1a account for most plantar warts. The virus gains access to the skin through direct contact. It is presumed that inoculation of the skin occurs in places likely to be contaminated by others with plantar warts, like communal showers. Once infected by HPV, spontaneous resolution seems to depend on the development of immune lymphocytes that destroy the virus-infected cells. Vaccines are available to protect against certain types of genital viral infections, but there are no vaccines for the HPV types that cause plantar warts.
- Plantar warts are seen in all age groups but are particularly common among children 12-16 years of age and rare in the elderly.
- Risk factors for the development of plantar warts include
- use of public showers,
- skin trauma, and
- weakened immune system because of certain medications used or illness.
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Ringworm : Test your Medical IQ Quiz
QuestionRingworm is caused by a fungus.
See AnswerREFERENCE:
Kasper, D.L., et al., eds. Harrison's Principles of Internal Medicine, 19th Ed. United States: McGraw-Hill Education, 2015.