Skin Rashes in Children: Skin rashes in children may be categorized as bacterial, viral, life-threatening, fungal, and parasitic rashes. Oftentimes, the associated symptoms help establish the diagnosis. Treatment depends upon the type of rash and the severity of the signs and symptoms.

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Doctor's Notes on Skin Rashes in Children Symptoms

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Allergic Reaction

An allergic reaction is an overreaction to a harmless substance. Symptoms and signs of an allergic reaction include hives, rashes, swelling, itching, wheezing, nausea, and even anaphylactic shock in severe reactions. Treatment involves avoiding triggers, taking oral antihistamines, applying anti-inflammatory steroid creams, and using an EpiPen.
Athlete's Foot

Athlete's foot is a superficial skin infection of the foot caused by a mold-like fungus, though the term is often used for any inflammation of the foot skin. Symptoms include itching, sores between toes, scaly white skin, reddish soles of the feet, and painful lesions.
Chickenpox

Chickenpox (varicella) is a highly contagious infection that typically affects children. Symptoms and signs include an itchy red blistering rash that forms first on the torso and then spreads to the extremities. Treatment may incorporate Tylenol or Advil for fever, IV fluids for dehydration, antibiotics for bacterial skin infections, calamine lotion, cool compresses and baths, and Benadryl, Claritin, or Zyrtec for itch relief.
Contact Dermatitis

Dermatitis is an inflammation of the skin. Contact dermatitis is a localized rash or irritation of the skin caused by contact with a foreign substance.
Coxsackievirus

Coxsackievirus infection is spread from person to person when an infected person does not cover their mouth when coughing or sneezing or touches someone with unwashed hands. Though most cases of coxsackievirus infection are mild, with symptoms including diarrhea and sore throat, the infection may also cause meningitis, encephalitis, chest pain, and myopericarditis. Infection in newborns may be deadly. There is no specific treatment for coxsackievirus, though acetaminophen and ibuprofen may be used to treat the symptoms.
Diaper Rash

Diaper rash appears on the skin under a diaper. Symptoms and signs include red, irritated skin on the baby's bottom or genital area. Treatment involves frequent diaper changes, cleaning the affected aread with a mild soap, and using a barrier cream.
Yeast Infection Diaper Rash

Candida albicans is a common cause of diaper rash. Diaper rash is red, elevated, and fluid may be visible under the skin. The rash may be found in the creases of the skin. Treatment involves antifungal topical treatment and decreasing moisture in the diaper area.
Fever in Children

Fever is defined as a rectal temperature over 100.4 F or 38 C. Fever isn't life-threatening unless it is persistently high - greater than a 107 F rectal temperature. Fever is usually caused by an infection. Treatment focuses on controlling the temperature, preventing dehydration, and monitoring for serious illness.
Fifth Disease

Fifth disease (human parvovirus B19) is a common illness in children. Symptoms and signs include fever, sore throat, headache, and a rash as if the face has been slapped. Treatment is geared toward alleviating symptoms by drinking a lot of fluids, taking acetaminophen, and taking hygiene measures to avoid spreading the virus.
Impetigo

Impetigo is a common baterial infection of the skin. The bacteria enter through a cut or other injury to the skin. Symptoms and signs include rash and/or pus-filled blisters. Treatments include oral and/or topical antibiotics.
Kawasaki Disease

Kawasaki disease is an illness that mainly affects children under 5 years of age. Symptoms and signs include rash, strawberry tongue and fever. Treatment involves administering IV immunoglobulin and high-dose aspirin until the fever ends, followed by low-dose aspirin for 6-8 weeks.
Lyme Disease

Lyme disease, sometimes referred to as Lyme infection, is a bacterial illness, transmitted to humans by the bite of deer ticks (Ixodes ticks) carrying a bacterium known as Borrelia burgdorferi. Symptoms and signs include a red bull's-eye rash and flu-like illness in the early stages of Lyme disease. Doctors will treat primary or early Lyme disease with oral antibiotics including doxycycline, penicillins, or erythromycin.
Measles

Measles, also known as rubeola, is a viral respiratory infection. Measles and German Measles (a different but similar virus also known as rubella) are serious infections that cause fever and rash. Most recover without incident, but measles infections can lead to pneumonia and brain inflammation. Vaccines have reduced measles infections to a few dozen a year in the U.S., but no cure exists. Patients should treat symptoms with pain relievers, fever reducers, and fluids.
Ringworm on Body

Ringworm (or tinea corporis) is a common fungal infection resulting from dermatophytes. Symptoms and signs include lesions on the trunk, legs, arms, neck, and face. Read about the cause of ringworm, how to get rid of ringworm, and whether ringworm is contagious. Learn about treatments and home remedies for ringworm.
Ringworm on Scalp

Scalp ringworm (tinea capitis) is a very common fungal infection among children throughout the world. Symptoms and signs include hair loss, reddening, crusting, and scaling of the scalp. Treatment typically involves oral antifungal medications and medicated shampoo.
Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever

Rocky Mountain spotted fever is a tick-borne disease. A bite from a tick infected by the Rickettsia rickettsi bacteria causes symptoms and signs that include nausea, vomiting, headache, muscle aches, fatigue, fever, rash, joint and abdominal pain, and diarrhea. Treatment with the antibiotic doxycycline is recommended in adults and children.
Roseola

Roseola is a mild viral illness caused by the human herpesvirus. Symptoms and signs include a high fever, swollen glands, and a red rash. Treatment focuses on lessening the symptoms, such as controlling the fever.
Scabies

Scabies is a skin condition that causes severe itching. Scabies lesions on the skin may look like pimples, and the skin may also be red. Treatment involves washing all clothing and bed linens, vacuuming rugs and furniture, and applying a prescription cream to kill the mites.
Scarlet Fever

Scarlet fever is predominantly a disease that affects children. Scarlet fever is caused by infection with the bacteria Streptococcus pyogenes. Symptoms and signs include: fever, rash, sore throat and strawberry tongue. Antibiotics are used in the treatment of scarlet fever.
Severe Allergic Reaction (Anaphylactic Shock)

The severe reaction of anaphylaxis is an immune allergic response that is life-threatening. The symptoms are breathing problems, shock, or death. Reactions may result from an insect sting or certain foods to which the body has been "sensitized" and has developed a powerful antigen for. Anaphylaxis occurs when the imune system overreacts to the antigen.
Toxic Shock Syndrome

Toxic shock syndrome (TSS) is a rare, life-threatening illness that is caused by toxins (poisons) that circulate in the bloodstream. Symptoms and signs include fever, headache, sore throat, cough, nausea and vomiting, diarrhea, and abdominal pain. Treatment involves finding and removing the source of infection, IV antibiotics, IV fluids, correcting electrolytes, and monitoring kidney and liver functions.
Yeast Infection Skin Rash

Candidiasis is by far the most common type of yeast infections in human skin. Candidiasis is infection with Candida species. More than 20 species of Candida exist. Signs and symptoms of a candidal infection can vary depending on the location of the infection. Most candidal infections can be treated at home with over-the-counter or prescription medication and can clear up within a week.

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Scarlet Fever Scarlet fever is predominantly a disease that affects children. Scarlet fever is caused by infection with the bacteria Streptococcus pyogenes. Symptoms and signs include:

fever,
rash,
sore throat and
strawberry tongue.

Antibiotics are used in the treatment of scarlet fever.

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Skin Rashes in Children Topic Guide - Visuals

Skin Rashes in Children Topic Guide - Medications and Vitamins

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Measles, Mumps, Rubella And Varicella Virus Vaccine

Measles, mumps, rubella, and varicella are serious diseases caused by viruses spread from person to person through the air or by skin to skin contact...learn more »

Varicella Virus (chickenpox) Vaccine

Varicella (commonly known as chickenpox) is a common childhood disease that causes fever, skin rash, and a breakout of fluid-filled blisters on the skin. Mo...learn more »

Terbinafine Topical

Terbinafine is an antifungal medication that fights infections caused by fungus...learn more »

Measles, Mumps, And Rubella (MMR) Vaccine

Measles, mumps, and rubella are serious diseases caused by viruses spread from person to person through the air. Measles, mumps, and rubella can cause minor...learn more »

Acetaminophen (oral/rectal)

Acetaminophen is a pain reliever and a fever reducer. There are many brands and forms of acetaminophen available. Not all brands are listed on this leaflet...learn more »

Ibuprofen

Ibuprofen is a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID). Ibuprofen works by reducing hormones that cause inflammation and pain in the body...learn more »

Skin Rashes in Children Topic Guide

Must Read Articles:

Allergic Reaction

Athlete's Foot

Chickenpox

Contact Dermatitis

Coxsackievirus

Diaper Rash

Yeast Infection Diaper Rash

Fever in Children

Fifth Disease

Impetigo

Kawasaki Disease

Lyme Disease

Measles

Ringworm on Body

Ringworm on Scalp

Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever

Roseola

Scabies

Scarlet Fever

Severe Allergic Reaction (Anaphylactic Shock)

Toxic Shock Syndrome

Yeast Infection Skin Rash

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Skin Rashes in Children Topic Guide - Visuals

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Skin Rashes in Children Topic Guide - Medications and Vitamins

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Skin Rashes in Children Topic Guide – Related Topics

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